邓代霞¹，吴天祥^1,2*，李凤兰¹，吴力亚¹，袁丹丹¹

（1.贵州大学酿酒与食品工程学院，贵州贵阳 550025；

2.贵州食品工程职业学院，贵州贵阳 551400）

摘要：为探讨山药提取物对真菌灰树花的影响，本研究在灰树花液态发酵体系中分别加入山药汁、山药水提物、山药醇提物及特征成分尿囊素，研究其对灰树花生物量和胞外多糖产量的影响，探索75%山药醇提物对灰树花发酵体系中的代谢规律的影响。结果表明：山药汁、山药水提物、山药醇提物及特征成分尿囊素对灰树花生长均有促进作用；当75%山药醇提物添加量为9g/L时，促进效果最佳，生物量和胞外多糖分别达到(2.23±0.02)g/L和(1.87±0.03)g/L，相比空白组极显著增加了46.71%和52.03%(P＜0.01)；当其特征成分尿囊素添加量为200 mg/L时，生物量及胞外多糖产量相比空白组极显著提高了36.88%、47.72%(P＜0.01)；动态分析其生长变化规律表明，发酵第7 d，灰树花菌丝体和胞外多糖产量达到峰值，且实验组菌体细胞能利用更多的还原糖，调控发酵体系pH，缩短发酵周期；分析多糖合成关键酶活性变化规律发现，与空白组相比，实验组葡萄糖激酶（GK）、磷酸葡萄糖变位酶（PGM）和 UDP-葡糖糖焦磷酸化酶（UDPG）活性显著增强（P＜0.05），而葡萄糖异构酶（GPI）活性显著降低（P＜0.05）。本研究表明山药醇提物可以较好地促进灰树花菌体细胞生长及胞外多糖的合成，且能调节关键酶活性，为中药与真菌共发酵提供理论参考。

关键词：灰树花；胞外多糖；生物量；山药醇提物；尿囊素；关键酶

中图分类号：Q93-33  文献标识码：A  文章编号：1674-506X（2023）01-0001-0007

Effects of Yam Extract on Biomass and Extracellular Polysaccharide of Grifola frondosa in Liquid Fermentation

DENG Daixia¹, WU Tianxiang^1,2*, LI Fenglan¹, WU Liya¹, YUAN Dandan¹

(1.School of Liquor and Food Engineering,Guizhou University, Guiyang Guizhou 550025, China;

2.Guizhou Vocational College of Food Engineering, Guiyang Guizhou 551400, China)

Abstract:To explore Chinese yam extract effect on Grifola frondosa,In this study, yam juice, yam water extract, yam alcohol extract and allantoin were added to the liquid fermentation system of Grifola frondosa, respectively. The effects of yam juice,yam water extract,yam alcohol extract and allantoin on the biomass and extracellular polysaccharide yield of Grifola frondosa were studied, and the effects of 75% yam alcohol extract on the metabolism of Grifola frondosa fermentation system were explored. The results showed that Chinese yam juice, Chinese yam water extract, Chinese yam alcohol extract and its characteristic component allantoin could promote the growth of Grifola. When the addition amount of 75% yam alcohol extract was 9g/L, the promotion effect was the best, and the biomass and extracellular polysaccharide reached (2.23±0.02) g/L and (1.87±0.03) g/L, which were significantly increased by 46.71% and 52.03% compared with the blank group (P＜0.01). When the supplemental amount of allantoin was 200 mg/L, the biomass and exopolysaccharide yield were significantly increased by 36.88% and 47.72% compared with the blank group (P＜0.01). Dynamic analysis showed that the yield of mycelium and extracellular polysaccharide reached the peak on the 7th day of fermentation, and the somatic cells of the experimental group could utilize more reducing sugars,regulate the pH of fermentation system, and shorten the fermentation period. Analysis of the activity changes of key enzymes in polysaccharide synthesis found that compared with the blank group, the activities of glucokinase (GK), phosphoglucomutase (PGM) and UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UDPG) in the experimental group were significantly increased (P＜0.05), while the activity of glucose isomerase (GPI) was significantly decreased (P＜0.05). This study showed that the alcohol extract of Chinese yam could promote the somatic cell growth and the synthesis of extracellular polysaccharide, and regulate the activities of key enzymes,in order to provide theoretical reference for the cofermentation of traditional Chinese medicine and fungi.

Keywords: Grifola grifola; extracellular polysaccharide; biomass; alcohol extract of yam; allantoin; key enzyme

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-506X.2023.01-001

收稿日期：2022-08-17

基金项目：国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目（31460537）

作者简介：邓代霞（1997-），女，硕士研究生。研究方向：食品加工与安全。

*通信作者：吴天祥（1965-），男，博士，教授，研究生导师。研究方向：食品科学、发酵工程。

引用格式:邓代霞,吴天祥,李凤兰,等.山药提取物对灰树花液态发酵中生物量和胞外多糖影响的研究[J].食品与发酵科技,2023,59(1):1-7.